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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Теоретическая и прикладная юриспруденция</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Theoretical and Applied Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">3034-2813</issn><publisher><publisher-name>СЗИУ РАНХиГС</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/3034-2813-2025-5-64-76</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">AJFDRQ</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tal-508</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Модельные законы Международной ассоциации по свопам и деривативам 1996 и 2002 гг.: от первого опыта гармонизации к защите положений о финансовом обеспечении</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>1996 and 2002 ISDA Model Netting Act: From the First Experience of Harmonizing Laws to the Protection of Financial Collateral</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6598-507X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клементьев</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klementiev</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Клементьев Алексей Петрович, доцент департамента правового регулирования бизнеса факультета права</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey P. Klementiev, associate professor of the School of Legal Regulation of the Faculty of Law</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aklementiev@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Клементьев А.П., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Клементьев А.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Klementiev A.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.taljournal.ru/jour/article/view/508">https://www.taljournal.ru/jour/article/view/508</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В центре внимания статьи — модельное законодательство Международной ассоциации по свопам и деривативам. Эта организация в течение почти трех десятилетий осуществляет публикацию типовых актов в интересах участников внебиржевого финансового рынка. Деятельность ассоциации в указанной области является чрезвычайно успешной. Ее модельные законы были имплементированы более чем в 80 юрисдикциях.</p></sec><sec><title>Методология и материалы</title><p>Методология и материалы. Методология исследования представлена совокупностью приемов и методов, применяемых для достижения цели исследования. Формально-юридический метод используется для непосредственного анализа содержания стандартных договоров и типовых актов МАСД. При помощи исторического подхода дается общий контекст, который сопутствовал разработке рассматриваемых в настоящей публикации МЗ МАСД. Статистический метод применяется для описания благоприятных экономических эффектов, которые дает имплементация модельного законодательства МАСД.</p><p>Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. В статье приводится краткое описание деятельности ассоциации с акцентом на содержании ее стандартных рамочных соглашений, получивших широкое распространение в международном обороте. В частности, в статье анализируется процедура досрочного прекращения обязательств, известная как ликвидационный неттинг и предусмотренная стандартными договорами Международной ассоциации по свопам и деривативам. Обосновывается необходимость правовой гармонизации при помощи модельного законодательства для обеспечения юридической исполнимости договорных положений о ликвидационном неттинге. Далее анализируется модельный закон Международной ассоциации по свопам и деривативам, опубликованный в 1996 г. Этот типовой акт преимущественно нацелен на признание положений о ликвидационном неттинге во всех затронутых юрисдикциях. Третья часть статьи посвящена модельному акту 2002 г., который предоставил столь необходимую правовую защиту договорным положениям об использовании финансового обеспечения.</p></sec><sec><title>Вывод</title><p>Вывод. В заключительной части статьи содержатся рекомендации по изменению отечественной стандартной документации и законодательства на рынке производных инструментов для приведения его в соответствие с рекомендациями Международной ассоциации по свопам и деривативам. Делается вывод о том, что такая реформа могла бы повысить конкурентоспособность отечественного финансового рынка.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The article focuses on the model legislation of the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, which has been publishing model laws for over-the-counter financial market participants for nearly three decades. The association has been extremely successful in this endeavor, with its model laws implemented in over 80 jurisdictions.</p><p>Methodology and materials. The research methodology is a combination of methods employed to achieve the research objectives. The doctrinal method is used for the direct analysis of the content of standard contracts and model acts of the Model Law on International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA). Through a historical approach, a general context is provided that accompanied the development of the model laws discussed in this publication. The statistical method is applied to describe the favorable economic effects resulting from the implementation of the ISDA model legislation.</p><p>Research results and their discussion. The article provides a brief description of its activities, with a particular emphasis on its standard framework agreements and contractual terms widely spread in international commercial turnover. In particular the article dwells upon the procedure for termination of contractual obligations envisaged in standard agreements of the International Swaps and Derivatives Association and commonly known as close-out netting. The publication provides the grounds for international legal harmonization to achieve enforceability of contractual provisions encompassing close-out netting. It then examines the International Swaps and Derivatives Association model law published in 1996, which was primarily aimed at recognizing close-out netting provisions in all affected jurisdictions.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The third part of the article is devoted to the 2002 model law, which provided much-needed protection for collateral provisions. The article concludes with recommendations for amending domestic contractual standards governing derivative financial instruments to bring them in line with recommendations of International Swaps and Derivatives Association. The said reform may overall contribute to competitive strengths of domestic financial market.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>деривативы</kwd><kwd>производные финансовые инструменты</kwd><kwd>модельный акт</kwd><kwd>типовой закон</kwd><kwd>мягкое право</kwd><kwd>гармонизация права</kwd><kwd>неттинг</kwd><kwd>ISDA</kwd><kwd>МАСД</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>derivatives</kwd><kwd>derivative financial instruments</kwd><kwd>model act</kwd><kwd>loi-type</kwd><kwd>soft law</kwd><kwd>harmonization of laws</kwd><kwd>netting</kwd><kwd>ISDA</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aidan A., Dorin Ph. (2010) Structured equity derivatives in France: counterparty risk and other challenges in times of crisis. 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