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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Теоретическая и прикладная юриспруденция</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Theoretical and Applied Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">3034-2813</issn><publisher><publisher-name>СЗИУ РАНХиГС</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/3034-2813-2024-4-56-67</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">YLOUUO</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tal-474</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Искусственный интеллект и социальное неравенство: философско-правовой аспект</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Artificial Intelligence and Inequality: A Legal Aspect</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыбин</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rybin</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рыбин Александр Игоревич, аспирант департамента теории права и сравнительного правоведения факультета права,</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr I. Rybin, postgraduate student of the Department of Theory of Law and Comparative of the Faculty of Law,</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">airybin@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чащухин</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chashhukhin</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чащухин Егор Олегович, аспирант департамента теории права и сравнительного правоведения факультета права,</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Egor O. Chashchukhin, postgraduate student of the Department of Theory of Law and Comparative of the Faculty of Law,</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eochaschukhin@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рыбин А.И., Чащухин Е.О., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рыбин А.И., Чащухин Е.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rybin A.I., Chashhukhin E.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.taljournal.ru/jour/article/view/474">https://www.taljournal.ru/jour/article/view/474</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящей статье ставится цель проанализировать влияние искусственного интеллекта на социальное неравенство. Показано, что искусственный интеллект не только порождает блага, но в том числе является инструментом нарушения прав человека, увеличивающим социальное расслоение как на уровне отдельных обществ, так и в мировом масштабе. При помощи формально-юридического и сравнительно-правового методов показано, что существующая в настоящий момент практика применения искусственного интеллекта в различных сферах права не всегда достигает заложенных авторами целей, а иногда становится причиной дискриминации и воспроизводства социального неравенства. В работе продемонстрировано, что социальное неравенство и другие проблемы, связанные с внедрением искусственного интеллекта, активно осмысляются в рамках этики искусственного интеллекта. Проанализированы концепции этики искусственного интеллекта, а также ряд этических кодексов, которые приняты в ряде технологических компаний, занимающихся искусственным интеллектом. Показано, что основной причиной появления социального неравенства в этой сфере является не отсутствие этических принципов программ, действующих на основе искусственного интеллекта, а недостаточная формализация самих этических принципов на машинный язык. Показано, что правовое регулирование данной сферы, как правило, носит рекомендательный характер и исходит от корпораций, а не от государств.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of this article is to analyze the impact of artificial intelligence (hereinafter also referred to as AI) on social inequality. It is evident that AI not only brings about advantages but also serves as a means of infringing upon human rights, exacerbating social stratification at both the level of individual societies and on a global scale. Through the application of formal legal and comparative legal methodologies, it becomes apparent that the current practices of utilizing AI in various legal domains often fall short of achieving the intended objectives, sometimes even serving as a catalyst for discrimination and the perpetuation of social inequality. The paper underscores the active engagement of scholars and practitioners in addressing social inequality and other challenges associated with AI through the lens of AI ethics. The concept of AI ethics is explored, along with a critical analysis of ethical frameworks adopted by several technology companies operating in the field of artificial intelligence. It has been demonstrated that the primary cause of the emergence of social disparity in the realm of AI is not a dearth of ethical tenets in AI-driven algorithms, but rather a lack of adequate formalization of these ethical principles themselves into machine-readable language. It has been shown that the legal regulations in this domain, typically, are advisory in nature and emanate from corporations rather than from state institutions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>цифровое неравенство</kwd><kwd>социальная стратификация</kwd><kwd>этика</kwd><kwd>марксистская критика неравенства</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>digital inequality</kwd><kwd>social stratification</kwd><kwd>ethics</kwd><kwd>Marxist critique of inequality</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">В данной научной работе использованы результаты проекта «Правовые механизмы преодоления неравенства», выполненного в рамках Программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ в 2024 г.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The results of the project “Legal mechanisms of overcoming inequality”, carried out within the framework of the Basic Research Program at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University) in 2024, are presented in this work.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Апостолова Н. 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