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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Теоретическая и прикладная юриспруденция</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Theoretical and Applied Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">3034-2813</issn><publisher><publisher-name>СЗИУ РАНХиГС</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2686-7834-2023-4-24-34</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tal-322</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экономико-правовая природа санкций: степень их легальности и эффективности с точки зрения международного права</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economic and Legal Nature of Sanctions: Degree of Their Legality and Efficiency In Terms of International Law</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0677-5290</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родионова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rodionova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Родионова Елизавета Сергеевна, студент единого трека «магистратура — аспирантура» департамента правового регулирования бизнеса, учебный ассистент</p><p>Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rodionova Elizaveta Sergeevna, student of the single track Master’s Degree — Postgraduate Program of the Department of Legal Regulation of Business, study assistant</p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">esrodionova_1@edu.hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Родионова Е.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Родионова Е.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rodionova E.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.taljournal.ru/jour/article/view/322">https://www.taljournal.ru/jour/article/view/322</self-uri><abstract><p>С увеличением числа международно-правовых обязательств и отсутствием централизованного институционального правоприменения меры экономического давления приобрели все более широкое распространение в качестве инструмента обеспечения соблюдения норм международного права. Целью настоящей работы является исследование понятия «санкции / односторонние ограничительные меры» в рамках политикоправового и экономического анализа. Ввиду отсутствия единого понимания природы односторонних ограничительных мер проанализированы и выделены основные признаки санкций, на основе которых сформулировано авторское определение, являющееся универсальным для большинства современных юрисдикций. Под санкциями понимаются экстерриториальные меры и/или ограничения в экономическом секторе, используемые государством-инициатором (или группой таких государств) в одностороннем порядке для целей политического принуждения государства-объекта. В работе аргументирована необходимость четкого разделения многосторонних и односторонних санкций, последние из которых не обладают достаточной степенью легальности с точки зрения международного права. Предложено решение проблемы отсутствия установленного стандарта оценки эффективности экономических санкций путем четкого указания критериев и их фиксации в международной практике и нормативных документах. Сделан вывод о том, что использование термина «ограничительные экономические меры» вместо термина «санкции» является юридически более корректным. Отмечается необходимость унификации международно-правовых норм, регламентирующих порядок, возможность и последствия применения односторонних санкций.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>With the increase in the number of international legal obligations and the absence of centralized institutional enforcement, economic coercion has become increasingly widespread as a tool for ensuring compliance with international law. The purpose of this work is to study the concept of “sanctions / unilateral restrictive measures” in the framework of the political, legal and economic analysis. Due to the lack of a common understanding of the nature of unilateral restrictive measures, the author analyzes and highlights the main features of sanctions. Based on the features identified, the author formulated a definition that is universal for most modern jurisdictions. Sanctions are understood as extraterritorial measures and/or restrictions in the economic sector used by the initiating state (or a group of such states) unilaterally for the purpose of political coercion of the target state. The paper argues for the need for a clear separation of multilateral and unilateral sanctions, the latter of which do not have a sufficient degree of legality in terms of international law. A solution to the problem of the lack of an established standard for assessing the effectiveness of economic sanctions is also proposed by clearly specifying the criteria and fixing them in international practice and regulatory documents. It is concluded that the use of the term “restrictive economic measures” instead of the term “sanctions” is legally more correct. The necessity of unification of international legal norms regulating the procedure, possibility and consequences of the application of unilateral sanctions is pointed out.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>санкции</kwd><kwd>односторонние ограничительные меры</kwd><kwd>права человека</kwd><kwd>международное право</kwd><kwd>суверенитет государства</kwd><kwd>принцип невмешательства</kwd><kwd>ст. 41 Устава ООН</kwd><kwd>международная ответственность</kwd><kwd>«умная» сила</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sanctions</kwd><kwd>unilateral restrictive measures</kwd><kwd>human rights</kwd><kwd>international law</kwd><kwd>state sovereignty</kwd><kwd>principle of non-interference</kwd><kwd>Art. 41 of the UN Charter</kwd><kwd>international responsibility</kwd><kwd>“smart” power</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бахин С. В., Еременко И. Ю. 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