talТеоретическая и прикладная юриспруденцияTheoretical and Applied Law3034-2813СЗИУ РАНХиГС10.22394/2686-7834-2022-3-47-52tal-203Research ArticleСТАТЬИARTICLESПроблемы деятельности адвокатов при осуществлении защиты по уголовным делам в отношении жертв домашнего насилияProblems of the Activity of Lawyers in Protection in Criminal Cases in Respect of Victims of Domestic ViolenceБерёзаЗ. М.BeryozaZ. M.

Злата Михайловна Берёза, аспирант 

Москва

Zlata M. Beryoza, Graduate student

Moscow

zlata_br96@mail.ruНациональный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»РоссияNational Research University Higher School of EconomicsRussian Federation202213102022034752Copyright © Берёза З.М., 20222022Берёза З.М.Beryoza Z.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.taljournal.ru/jour/article/view/203

Статья посвящена проблемам, возникающим в деятельности адвокатов при оказании юридической помощи жертвам домашнего насилия, которым были предъявлены обвинения в причинении вреда жизни и здоровью своих обидчиков. В качестве основной стратегии защиты по таким уголовным делам рассматривается самооборона (необходимая оборона). Автор сравнивает законодательные подходы и особенности правоприменительной практики, возникающие при использовании данной стратегии на отечественном и зарубежном опыте (на примере США), отдельно останавливаясь на случаях, когда самооборона имела место вне открытого конфликта (в неконфронтационных обстоятельствах). На основе анализа подходов к данной проблеме в зарубежных юрисдикциях автор предлагает и в российской практике использовать доказательства, подтверждающие историю домашнего насилия и психологические травмы, которые они вызывают у жертвы, в таких категориях дел, чтобы подтвердить соответствие поведения жертвы насилия критериям необходимой обороны.

The article is devoted to the problems that arise in the activities of lawyers in providing legal assistance to victims of domestic violence who were charged with causing harm to the life and health of their offenders. Self-defense (necessary defense) is considered as the main defense strategy in such criminal cases. The author compares legislative approaches and features of law enforcement practice that arise when using this strategy on domestic and foreign experience (using the example of the United States), dwelling separately on cases where self-defense took place outside an open conflict (in non-confrontational circumstances). Based on the analysis of approaches to this problem in foreign jurisdictions, the author proposes in Russian practice to use evidence confirming the history of domestic violence and the psychological trauma they cause in the victim in such categories of cases in order to confirm the compliance of the behavior of the victim of violence with the criteria for necessary defense.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.