talТеоретическая и прикладная юриспруденцияTheoretical and Applied Law3034-2813СЗИУ РАНХиГС10.22394/2686-7834-2021-2-6-20tal-102Research ArticleСТАТЬИARTICLESДействие юрисдикции, возникшей в результате текстуальных актов, в киберпространствеText-Driven Jurisdiction in Cyberspacehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4558-9149ХилдебрантМириэльHildebrandtMireille

Мириэль Хилдебрант, профессор, тематика исследований — взаимодействие права и технологий; профессор, тематика исследований — интеллектуальные среды, защита данных и верховенство закона

Бельгия

Нидерланды

Mireille Hildebrandt, Research Professor on ‘Interfacing Law and Technology'; Full Professor of Smart Environments, Data Protection & the Rule of Law

Brussel

Nijmegen

m.hildebrandt@cs.ru.nlБрюссельский свободный университет; Государственный университет в НеймегенеБельгияVrije Universiteit; Radboud UniversityBelgium20212906202102620Copyright © Хилдебрант М., 20212021Хилдебрант М.Hildebrandt M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.taljournal.ru/jour/article/view/102

В статье автор рассматривает проблемы философии технологий в части их соотношения с правом и принципом верховенства закона. В частности, автор анализирует, как повлияло на формирование позитивного права в том виде, как мы его сейчас знаем, возникновение технологий печати и картографии, как эти технологии повлияли на перформативный эффект письменных речевых актов, как письменные речевые акты способствовали возникновению территориальной юрисдикции в ее традиционном понимании. Учитывая возникновение и развитие новых технологий, построенных на основе кодов, а не текста, можно говорить о том, что такая новая технология также не может не оказать влияния на позитивное право, как его ранее оказали технологии печати и картографии, что непосредственно сказывается на понимании юрисдикции, а также возникновении конкуренций юрисдикций между собой. Поскольку материальные и процессуальные принципы законности уголовного права зависят от перформативного эффекта письменных юридических речевых актов, подчеркивая их связь с развитием территориальной юрисдикции и возникновением искусственного современного общества, то в условиях применения новых технологий, стирающих границы между государствами и юрисдикциями соответственно, необходимо глубокое переосмысление порядка применения этих принципов, чтобы сохранить достижения современного позитивного права, в частности принцип верховенства закона.

In this paper I further develop a philosophy of technology for law and the rule of law, more specifi cally for the role of territorial jurisdiction in the protection against crime and against arbitrary use of the ius puniendi. In the face of the code- and data-driven nature of cyberspace I will discuss modern positive law as based on a text-driven jurisdiction and the main argument of the paper is that we cannot take for granted that the kind of legal protection that is offered by a text-driven criminal jurisdiction will hold in the context of cyberspatial challenges. In the fi rst section, I investigate how modern positive law-as-we-know-it was triggered by the technologies of cartography and the printing press, arguing that both modern democracy and the rule of law are affordances of these technologies, as they enabled the rise of an exclusive, monopolistic territorial jurisdiction. In the second section, I explore the scope of written legal speech acts, integrating speech act theory and philosophy of technology, explaining how the substantive and procedural principles of criminal law legality depend on the performative effect of written legal speech acts, highlighting their connection with the rise of territorial jurisdiction and the creation of an artifi cial, modern demos. In the third section, I discuss the new challenges of competing territorial jurisdictions that claim legal powers outside their territory, coupled by the challenges posed by new types of ‘brute jurisdictions’ that are based on the force of technological infrastructures that may overrule the performative effect of written legal speech acts. In the conclusions I call for keen attention to which affordances of cartography and the printing press we need to preserve in cyberspace to uphold criminal law principles such as the presumption of innocence, the right to a fair trial and the legality principle, taking note that preservation will require reinvention and imagination rather than taking for granted the mode of existence of text-driven jurisdiction.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.